The problem provides a table of values for a function $f(x)$ and asks to estimate the value of $f(x)$ when $x=2$. The table contains the following points: $(-5, -7)$, $(3, -3)$, and $(5, -2)$.

Applied MathematicsLinear InterpolationFunction ApproximationNumerical Analysis
2025/3/6

1. Problem Description

The problem provides a table of values for a function f(x)f(x) and asks to estimate the value of f(x)f(x) when x=2x=2. The table contains the following points: (5,7)(-5, -7), (3,3)(3, -3), and (5,2)(5, -2).

2. Solution Steps

Since we are given three points, we can estimate the function value at x=2x=2 using linear interpolation between the two closest points. The value x=2x=2 lies between x=5x=-5 and x=3x=3. However, since x=2x=2 is closer to x=3x=3, we will use the points (3,3)(3, -3) and (5,7)(-5, -7) to find the equation of the line and interpolate.
The slope mm of the line passing through points (x1,y1)=(5,7)(x_1, y_1) = (-5, -7) and (x2,y2)=(3,3)(x_2, y_2) = (3, -3) is:
m=y2y1x2x1=3(7)3(5)=3+73+5=48=12m = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1} = \frac{-3 - (-7)}{3 - (-5)} = \frac{-3 + 7}{3 + 5} = \frac{4}{8} = \frac{1}{2}
Using the point-slope form of a line yy1=m(xx1)y - y_1 = m(x - x_1), we can write the equation of the line using the point (3,3)(3, -3):
y(3)=12(x3)y - (-3) = \frac{1}{2}(x - 3)
y+3=12x32y + 3 = \frac{1}{2}x - \frac{3}{2}
y=12x323y = \frac{1}{2}x - \frac{3}{2} - 3
y=12x3262y = \frac{1}{2}x - \frac{3}{2} - \frac{6}{2}
y=12x92y = \frac{1}{2}x - \frac{9}{2}
Now, we substitute x=2x=2 into the equation to estimate f(2)f(2):
f(2)=12(2)92=192=2292=72=3.5f(2) = \frac{1}{2}(2) - \frac{9}{2} = 1 - \frac{9}{2} = \frac{2}{2} - \frac{9}{2} = -\frac{7}{2} = -3.5

3. Final Answer

f(2)=3.5f(2) = -3.5

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