We are given that $x$, $y$, and $z$ are natural numbers such that $1 < x < y < z$, and we need to find all possible triples $(x, y, z)$ that satisfy the equation $(1 + \frac{1}{x})(1 + \frac{1}{y})(1 + \frac{1}{z}) = \frac{12}{5}$.

Number TheoryDiophantine EquationsInequalitiesInteger Solutions
2025/5/25

1. Problem Description

We are given that xx, yy, and zz are natural numbers such that 1<x<y<z1 < x < y < z, and we need to find all possible triples (x,y,z)(x, y, z) that satisfy the equation (1+1x)(1+1y)(1+1z)=125(1 + \frac{1}{x})(1 + \frac{1}{y})(1 + \frac{1}{z}) = \frac{12}{5}.

2. Solution Steps

First, rewrite the equation as
x+1xy+1yz+1z=125. \frac{x+1}{x} \cdot \frac{y+1}{y} \cdot \frac{z+1}{z} = \frac{12}{5}.
Since 1<x<y<z1 < x < y < z, we have x2x \ge 2, y3y \ge 3, z4z \ge 4. If x3x \ge 3, then 1+1x431 + \frac{1}{x} \le \frac{4}{3}, 1+1y541 + \frac{1}{y} \le \frac{5}{4}, 1+1z651 + \frac{1}{z} \le \frac{6}{5}, so
(1 + \frac{1}{x})(1 + \frac{1}{y})(1 + \frac{1}{z}) \le \frac{4}{3} \cdot \frac{5}{4} \cdot \frac{6}{5} = 2 < \frac{12}{5} = 2.

4. $$

Thus, we must have x=2x = 2. Substituting x=2x=2 into the equation yields
32y+1yz+1z=125. \frac{3}{2} \cdot \frac{y+1}{y} \cdot \frac{z+1}{z} = \frac{12}{5}.
y+1yz+1z=12523=85. \frac{y+1}{y} \cdot \frac{z+1}{z} = \frac{12}{5} \cdot \frac{2}{3} = \frac{8}{5}.
Since 2<y<z2 < y < z, we have y3y \ge 3 and z4z \ge 4. If y4y \ge 4, then 1+1y541 + \frac{1}{y} \le \frac{5}{4} and 1+1z651 + \frac{1}{z} \le \frac{6}{5}, so
(1 + \frac{1}{y})(1 + \frac{1}{z}) \le \frac{5}{4} \cdot \frac{6}{5} = \frac{3}{2} = 1.5 < \frac{8}{5} = 1.

6. $$

Therefore, we must have y=3y = 3. Substituting y=3y=3 into the equation yields
43z+1z=85. \frac{4}{3} \cdot \frac{z+1}{z} = \frac{8}{5}.
z+1z=8534=65. \frac{z+1}{z} = \frac{8}{5} \cdot \frac{3}{4} = \frac{6}{5}.
5(z+1)=6z5(z+1) = 6z, so 5z+5=6z5z+5 = 6z, which means z=5z=5. Thus, (x,y,z)=(2,3,5)(x, y, z) = (2, 3, 5).

3. Final Answer

(2, 3, 5)

Related problems in "Number Theory"

The problem requires us to fill in the blank with the missing Roman numeral to complete the given se...

Roman NumeralsNumber SequencesNumber Conversion
2025/7/15

We are given three numbers: 1985, 6814, and 3741. We need to find the largest number $x$ such that w...

Greatest Common DivisorEuclidean AlgorithmRemainder Theorem
2025/7/8

The problem asks to find a Pythagorean triplet whose smallest member is 8. The general form of the P...

Pythagorean TriplesNumber TheoryInteger Solutions
2025/7/2

Prove by induction that for every positive integer $n$, $3^{2n} - 1$ is divisible by 8.

DivisibilityInductionInteger Properties
2025/7/1

The problem is to find the next number in the sequence: $1, 5, 14, 30, 55, ...$

SequencesNumber PatternsDifference Sequences
2025/6/26

The image shows a sequence of numbers: $-1, 2, 7, 114, 2233, \dots$ The problem is to find a pattern...

SequencesPattern RecognitionRecurrence RelationsNumber Sequences
2025/6/25

We need to find all natural numbers $n$ such that $\sqrt{\frac{72}{n}}$ is a natural number.

DivisibilitySquare RootsInteger PropertiesPerfect Squares
2025/6/24

The problem asks us to find the smallest natural number that, when multiplied by 135, results in a p...

Prime FactorizationPerfect SquaresInteger Properties
2025/6/24

The problem asks: How many different pairs of positive integers have a greatest common factor (GCF) ...

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)Least Common Multiple (LCM)Prime FactorizationRelatively PrimeNumber of Pairs
2025/6/14

The problem asks which of the given set membership statements are correct. A. $\frac{7}{3} \notin N$...

Set TheoryNumber SetsNatural NumbersIntegersRational NumbersReal NumbersSet Membership
2025/6/14