We are asked to prove by contrapositive that if $n$ is an integer and $3n+7$ is odd, then $n$ is even.

Number TheoryProof by ContrapositiveInteger PropertiesOdd and Even NumbersModular Arithmetic (Implied)
2025/6/6

1. Problem Description

We are asked to prove by contrapositive that if nn is an integer and 3n+73n+7 is odd, then nn is even.

2. Solution Steps

The statement we want to prove is:
PQP \rightarrow Q, where PP is "3n+73n+7 is odd" and QQ is "nn is even".
The contrapositive of this statement is ¬Q¬P\neg Q \rightarrow \neg P, which translates to:
If nn is not even (i.e., nn is odd), then 3n+73n+7 is not odd (i.e., 3n+73n+7 is even).
Let's assume nn is odd. Then we can write n=2k+1n = 2k+1 for some integer kk.
Now, we consider 3n+73n+7:
3n+7=3(2k+1)+7=6k+3+7=6k+10=2(3k+5)3n+7 = 3(2k+1) + 7 = 6k+3+7 = 6k+10 = 2(3k+5).
Since 3k+53k+5 is an integer, 2(3k+5)2(3k+5) is an even number.
Therefore, if nn is odd, then 3n+73n+7 is even.
This proves the contrapositive statement ¬Q¬P\neg Q \rightarrow \neg P.
Since the contrapositive is true, the original statement PQP \rightarrow Q is also true.

3. Final Answer

If nn is an integer and 3n+73n+7 is odd, then nn is even.

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