The first question asks whether the expression $8\%-4 == 8\%4$ is true or false, where $\%$ represents the modulo operator. The second question asks which of the provided options is an initialization statement in C++. The third question asks the purpose of pseudocode.

1. Problem Description

The first question asks whether the expression $8\%-4 == 8\%4$ is true or false, where $\%$ represents the modulo operator.

The second question asks which of the provided options is an initialization statement in C++.

The third question asks the purpose of pseudocode.

2. Solution Steps

First question:

The modulo operator $x\%y$ returns the remainder of the division of $x$ by $y$.

So, $8\%-4$ is equivalent to $8\%(-4)$. Because the modulo operation might return a negative remainder depending on the implementation, let us simply regard it as $8$ modulo $-4$ operation. Because $8 = (-2) \cdot (-4) + 0$, $8\%(-4) = 0$.

And $8\%4$ is $8$ modulo $4$. Because $8 = 2 \cdot 4 + 0$, $8\%4 = 0$.

So, the expression becomes $0 == 0$, which is true.

Second question:

In C++, an initialization statement assigns a value to a variable when it is declared.

- int a; declares an integer variable 'a', but doesn't assign a value to it. This is a declaration, not initialization.

- int a,b; declares two integer variables 'a' and 'b', but doesn't assign values to them. This is also just a declaration.

- a=10; This requires variable 'a' to be defined and assigned before the statement. This assignment is valid but does not occur with variable declaration. Thus, it's not an initialization statement in the declaration.

- int a=10; declares an integer variable 'a' and assigns it the value 10 in a single statement. Thus, it is an initialization statement.

Third question:

Pseudocode is an informal high-level description of the operating principle of a computer program or other algorithm.

Pseudocode does not execute programs, but helps design them. Pseudocode offers a structured approach before coding, and serves as a good document during the programming and testing processes. It is not meant to replace programming languages, or test software.

3. Final Answer

True

int a=10;

To provide a structured approach before coding