We are given a regular hexagon $ABCDEF$. We are given that $\vec{AB} = p$ and $\vec{BC} = q$. We need to calculate the vectors $\vec{CD}$, $\vec{DE}$, $\vec{EF}$, $\vec{FA}$, $\vec{AD}$, $\vec{EA}$, and $\vec{AC}$ in terms of $p$ and $q$.

GeometryVectorsHexagonVector AdditionGeometric Transformations
2025/3/30

1. Problem Description

We are given a regular hexagon ABCDEFABCDEF. We are given that AB=p\vec{AB} = p and BC=q\vec{BC} = q. We need to calculate the vectors CD\vec{CD}, DE\vec{DE}, EF\vec{EF}, FA\vec{FA}, AD\vec{AD}, EA\vec{EA}, and AC\vec{AC} in terms of pp and qq.

2. Solution Steps

Since ABCDEFABCDEF is a regular hexagon, all sides have the same length, and all interior angles are equal to 120120^{\circ}.
First, consider CD\vec{CD}. Since AB+BC+CD=AD\vec{AB} + \vec{BC} + \vec{CD} = \vec{AD} and AD=2BC\vec{AD} = 2 \vec{BC}, we have p+q+CD=2qp + q + \vec{CD} = 2q, so CD=2qpq=qp\vec{CD} = 2q - p - q = q - p.
Next, consider DE\vec{DE}. Since DE\vec{DE} is parallel to AB\vec{AB} but in the opposite direction, DE=AB=p\vec{DE} = -\vec{AB} = -p.
Now, consider EF\vec{EF}. Since EF\vec{EF} is parallel to BC\vec{BC} but in the opposite direction, EF=BC=q\vec{EF} = -\vec{BC} = -q.
Next, consider FA\vec{FA}. FA\vec{FA} is parallel to CD\vec{CD} but in the opposite direction, so FA=CD=(qp)=pq\vec{FA} = -\vec{CD} = -(q-p) = p-q.
Now, consider AD\vec{AD}. Since ABCDEFABCDEF is a regular hexagon, AD\vec{AD} is twice the length of the altitude of the equilateral triangle with side length equal to that of the hexagon.
We have AD=2BC\vec{AD} = 2\vec{BC}, so AD=2q\vec{AD} = 2q.
Next, consider EA\vec{EA}. We have EA=AE\vec{EA} = -\vec{AE}. Also, we have EA=ED+DA=p2q\vec{EA} = \vec{ED} + \vec{DA} = p - 2q.
Finally, consider AC\vec{AC}. We have AC=AB+BC=p+q\vec{AC} = \vec{AB} + \vec{BC} = p + q.

3. Final Answer

CD=qp\vec{CD} = q - p
DE=p\vec{DE} = -p
EF=q\vec{EF} = -q
FA=pq\vec{FA} = p - q
AD=2q\vec{AD} = 2q
EA=p2q\vec{EA} = p - 2q
AC=p+q\vec{AC} = p + q

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