Given a triangle $ABC$, $M$ is the midpoint of segment $AB$, and $I$ is the midpoint of segment $MC$. Point $K$ is defined such that $\vec{CK} = \frac{1}{3} \vec{CB}$. We need to show that points $A, I, K$ are collinear.

GeometryVector GeometryCollinearityTrianglesVectors
2025/3/12

1. Problem Description

Given a triangle ABCABC, MM is the midpoint of segment ABAB, and II is the midpoint of segment MCMC. Point KK is defined such that CK=13CB\vec{CK} = \frac{1}{3} \vec{CB}. We need to show that points A,I,KA, I, K are collinear.

2. Solution Steps

We want to show that A,I,KA, I, K are collinear. This is equivalent to showing that the vectors AI\vec{AI} and AK\vec{AK} are collinear, meaning that AI=λAK\vec{AI} = \lambda \vec{AK} for some scalar λ\lambda.
Since II is the midpoint of MCMC, we have
AI=12(AM+AC)\vec{AI} = \frac{1}{2} (\vec{AM} + \vec{AC}).
Since MM is the midpoint of ABAB, we have AM=12AB\vec{AM} = \frac{1}{2} \vec{AB}.
Thus, AI=12(12AB+AC)=14AB+12AC\vec{AI} = \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2} \vec{AB} + \vec{AC}) = \frac{1}{4} \vec{AB} + \frac{1}{2} \vec{AC}.
Since CK=13CB\vec{CK} = \frac{1}{3} \vec{CB}, we have AK=AC+CK=AC+13CB=AC+13(ABAC)=13AB+23AC\vec{AK} = \vec{AC} + \vec{CK} = \vec{AC} + \frac{1}{3} \vec{CB} = \vec{AC} + \frac{1}{3} (\vec{AB} - \vec{AC}) = \frac{1}{3} \vec{AB} + \frac{2}{3} \vec{AC}.
Now, we need to find a scalar λ\lambda such that AI=λAK\vec{AI} = \lambda \vec{AK}.
14AB+12AC=λ(13AB+23AC)\frac{1}{4} \vec{AB} + \frac{1}{2} \vec{AC} = \lambda (\frac{1}{3} \vec{AB} + \frac{2}{3} \vec{AC})
14AB+12AC=λ3AB+2λ3AC\frac{1}{4} \vec{AB} + \frac{1}{2} \vec{AC} = \frac{\lambda}{3} \vec{AB} + \frac{2\lambda}{3} \vec{AC}
Equating the coefficients of AB\vec{AB} and AC\vec{AC}, we have:
14=λ3\frac{1}{4} = \frac{\lambda}{3} and 12=2λ3\frac{1}{2} = \frac{2\lambda}{3}
From the first equation, we get λ=34\lambda = \frac{3}{4}.
From the second equation, we get λ=34\lambda = \frac{3}{4}.
Since both equations give the same value for λ\lambda, the vectors AI\vec{AI} and AK\vec{AK} are collinear.
Therefore, the points A,I,KA, I, K are collinear.

3. Final Answer

The points A, I, and K are collinear.

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