The problem is to find the standard deviation and variance of a given set of data manually. The data set, the deviations from the mean, and the squared deviations are already provided in a table. We are also given the mean $\bar{x} = 17.08$.

Probability and StatisticsStandard DeviationVarianceData AnalysisSample StatisticsDescriptive Statistics
2025/3/16

1. Problem Description

The problem is to find the standard deviation and variance of a given set of data manually. The data set, the deviations from the mean, and the squared deviations are already provided in a table. We are also given the mean xˉ=17.08\bar{x} = 17.08.

2. Solution Steps

The formula for the sample standard deviation ss is:
s=(xxˉ)2n1s = \sqrt{\frac{\sum (x - \bar{x})^2}{n-1}}
where xx represents each data point, xˉ\bar{x} is the sample mean, and nn is the number of data points.
From the given table, we have the following values for xx: 25, 21, 20, 19, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 11,
1

0. The sample mean is given as $\bar{x} = \frac{205}{12} = 17.08$.

The values (xxˉ)(x - \bar{x}) are also provided in the table.
The values (xxˉ)2(x - \bar{x})^2 are given as 62.73, 15.37, 8.53, 3.69, 3.69, 0.85, 0.01, 1.17, 4.33, 9.49, 36.97, 50.
1
3.
We need to find the sum of the squared deviations, (xxˉ)2\sum (x - \bar{x})^2.
(xxˉ)2=62.73+15.37+8.53+3.69+3.69+0.85+0.01+1.17+4.33+9.49+36.97+50.13=196.96\sum (x - \bar{x})^2 = 62.73 + 15.37 + 8.53 + 3.69 + 3.69 + 0.85 + 0.01 + 1.17 + 4.33 + 9.49 + 36.97 + 50.13 = 196.96
The number of data points is n=12n = 12.
Therefore, the sample standard deviation ss is:
s=196.96121=196.9611=17.905454.23s = \sqrt{\frac{196.96}{12-1}} = \sqrt{\frac{196.96}{11}} = \sqrt{17.90545} \approx 4.23
The variance s2s^2 is the square of the standard deviation:
s2=((xxˉ)2n1)2=(xxˉ)2n1=196.9611=17.9054517.91s^2 = (\sqrt{\frac{\sum (x - \bar{x})^2}{n-1}})^2 = \frac{\sum (x - \bar{x})^2}{n-1} = \frac{196.96}{11} = 17.90545 \approx 17.91

3. Final Answer

Standard deviation: s=4.23s = 4.23
Variance: s2=17.91s^2 = 17.91

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