The first problem asks us to find the value of the variable $Z$ after the execution of the given pseudocode. The pseudocode involves a `while` loop. The second problem asks us to find the output value of $a$ after the execution of the given pseudocode, which contains a `repeat` loop.

1. Problem Description

The first problem asks us to find the value of the variable $Z$ after the execution of the given pseudocode. The pseudocode involves a `while` loop.

The second problem asks us to find the output value of $a$ after the execution of the given pseudocode, which contains a `repeat` loop.

2. Solution Steps

Problem 38:

We trace the execution of the pseudocode:

- Initially, $a = 1$ and $b = 1$.

- The `while` loop condition is $a = b$, which is true initially.

- Inside the loop:

- $a = a + 1$, so $a = 1 + 1 = 2$.

- $b = b + 2$, so $b = 1 + 2 = 3$.

- $Z = a + b$, so $Z = 2 + 3 = 5$.

- The loop condition $a = b$ becomes $2 = 3$, which is false.

- The `while` loop terminates.

- `Display Z` outputs the value of $Z$, which is

5.

Problem 39:

We trace the execution of the pseudocode:

- Initially, $a = 10$ and $c = 2$.

- The `repeat` loop begins:

- $c = c + 1$, so $c = 2 + 1 = 3$.

- $a = a + c$, so $a = 10 + 3 = 13$.

- The `until` condition is $(c > 3)$, which means the loop continues until $c$ becomes greater than

3. Currently, $c = 3$, so the condition is false, and the loop continues.

- $c = c + 1$, so $c = 3 + 1 = 4$.

- $a = a + c$, so $a = 13 + 4 = 17$.

- The `until` condition is $(c > 3)$, which is $4 > 3$, which is true.

- The `repeat` loop terminates.

- `Print a` outputs the value of $a$, which is

1

7.

3. Final Answer

Problem 38: 2) 5

Problem 39: 2) 17