The angle bisectors of triangle $ABC$ intersect the circumcircle of triangle $ABC$ at points $X, Y, Z$. If $\alpha, \beta, \gamma$ are the angles of triangle $ABC$, we want to prove that the angles of triangle $XYZ$ are $90^{\circ} - \frac{\alpha}{2}$, $90^{\circ} - \frac{\beta}{2}$, and $90^{\circ} - \frac{\gamma}{2}$.

GeometryTriangle GeometryAngle BisectorsCircumcircleInscribed Angles
2025/3/27

1. Problem Description

The angle bisectors of triangle ABCABC intersect the circumcircle of triangle ABCABC at points X,Y,ZX, Y, Z. If α,β,γ\alpha, \beta, \gamma are the angles of triangle ABCABC, we want to prove that the angles of triangle XYZXYZ are 90α290^{\circ} - \frac{\alpha}{2}, 90β290^{\circ} - \frac{\beta}{2}, and 90γ290^{\circ} - \frac{\gamma}{2}.

2. Solution Steps

Let OO be the center of the circumcircle of triangle ABCABC. Let X,Y,ZX, Y, Z be the points where the angle bisectors of angles A,B,CA, B, C intersect the circumcircle, respectively. We are given that BAC=α\angle BAC = \alpha, ABC=β\angle ABC = \beta, and ACB=γ\angle ACB = \gamma. Since AXAX is the angle bisector of angle AA, we have BAX=CAX=α2\angle BAX = \angle CAX = \frac{\alpha}{2}.
Since angles subtended by the same arc are equal, we have BCX=BAX=α2\angle BCX = \angle BAX = \frac{\alpha}{2} and CBX=CAX=α2\angle CBX = \angle CAX = \frac{\alpha}{2}.
The measure of arc BXBX is equal to twice the measure of the inscribed angle BCX\angle BCX. Thus, arc BX=2α2=αBX = 2 \cdot \frac{\alpha}{2} = \alpha. Similarly, arc CX=2α2=αCX = 2 \cdot \frac{\alpha}{2} = \alpha.
Since BYBY is the angle bisector of angle BB, we have ABY=CBY=β2\angle ABY = \angle CBY = \frac{\beta}{2}. Then arc AY=2β2=βAY = 2 \cdot \frac{\beta}{2} = \beta and arc CY=2β2=βCY = 2 \cdot \frac{\beta}{2} = \beta.
Since CZCZ is the angle bisector of angle CC, we have ACZ=BCZ=γ2\angle ACZ = \angle BCZ = \frac{\gamma}{2}. Then arc AZ=2γ2=γAZ = 2 \cdot \frac{\gamma}{2} = \gamma and arc BZ=2γ2=γBZ = 2 \cdot \frac{\gamma}{2} = \gamma.
Now consider the arcs that form the circumcircle: BX=CX=αBX = CX = \alpha, AY=CY=βAY = CY = \beta, and AZ=BZ=γAZ = BZ = \gamma.
Arc YZ=arcYC+arcCZ=β+γYZ = arc YC + arc CZ = \beta + \gamma.
Then YXZ=12arcYZ=12(β+γ)\angle YXZ = \frac{1}{2} arc YZ = \frac{1}{2} (\beta + \gamma). Since α+β+γ=180\alpha + \beta + \gamma = 180^{\circ}, we have β+γ=180α\beta + \gamma = 180^{\circ} - \alpha. Thus, YXZ=12(180α)=90α2\angle YXZ = \frac{1}{2} (180^{\circ} - \alpha) = 90^{\circ} - \frac{\alpha}{2}.
Similarly, arc XZ=arcXC+arcCZ=α+γXZ = arc XC + arc CZ = \alpha + \gamma.
Then XYZ=12arcXZ=12(α+γ)\angle XYZ = \frac{1}{2} arc XZ = \frac{1}{2} (\alpha + \gamma). Since α+β+γ=180\alpha + \beta + \gamma = 180^{\circ}, we have α+γ=180β\alpha + \gamma = 180^{\circ} - \beta. Thus, XYZ=12(180β)=90β2\angle XYZ = \frac{1}{2} (180^{\circ} - \beta) = 90^{\circ} - \frac{\beta}{2}.
Finally, arc XY=arcXA+arcAY=arcXB+arcAY=α+βXY = arc XA + arc AY = arc XB + arc AY = \alpha + \beta.
Then XZY=12arcXY=12(α+β)\angle XZY = \frac{1}{2} arc XY = \frac{1}{2} (\alpha + \beta). Since α+β+γ=180\alpha + \beta + \gamma = 180^{\circ}, we have α+β=180γ\alpha + \beta = 180^{\circ} - \gamma. Thus, XZY=12(180γ)=90γ2\angle XZY = \frac{1}{2} (180^{\circ} - \gamma) = 90^{\circ} - \frac{\gamma}{2}.

3. Final Answer

The angles of triangle XYZXYZ are 90α290^{\circ} - \frac{\alpha}{2}, 90β290^{\circ} - \frac{\beta}{2}, and 90γ290^{\circ} - \frac{\gamma}{2}.

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