We are given a regular hexagon $ABCDEF$. We are given that the vector $\vec{AB} = p$ and the vector $\vec{BC} = q$. We need to express the vectors $\vec{CD}, \vec{DE}, \vec{EF}, \vec{FA}, \vec{AD}, \vec{EA}, \vec{AC}$ in terms of $p$ and $q$.

GeometryVectorsGeometryHexagonVector Addition
2025/3/27

1. Problem Description

We are given a regular hexagon ABCDEFABCDEF. We are given that the vector AB=p\vec{AB} = p and the vector BC=q\vec{BC} = q. We need to express the vectors CD,DE,EF,FA,AD,EA,AC\vec{CD}, \vec{DE}, \vec{EF}, \vec{FA}, \vec{AD}, \vec{EA}, \vec{AC} in terms of pp and qq.

2. Solution Steps

Since ABCDEFABCDEF is a regular hexagon, we know that all sides have the same length and all interior angles are equal to 120120^{\circ}.
Also, AB=EF=CD\vec{AB} = \vec{EF} = \vec{CD} and BC=DE=FA\vec{BC} = \vec{DE} = \vec{FA}.
Therefore,
CD=AB=p\vec{CD} = \vec{AB} = p
DE=BC=q\vec{DE} = \vec{BC} = q
EF=AB=p\vec{EF} = \vec{AB} = p
FA=BC=q\vec{FA} = \vec{BC} = q
Now, let's find AD\vec{AD}. In a regular hexagon, ADAD is twice the length of ABsin(60)AB \sin(60^\circ) and ADAD is parallel to BCBC. AD=2MB=2(AB+BC)=2(AMCM)\vec{AD} = 2\vec{MB} = 2(\vec{AB}+\vec{BC}) = 2 (\vec{AM} - \vec{CM}). However, a simpler approach is AD=AB+BC+CD=p+q+p=2p+q\vec{AD} = \vec{AB} + \vec{BC} + \vec{CD} = p+q+p = 2p+q.
Therefore, AD=2p+q\vec{AD} = 2p+q.
Now, let's find EA\vec{EA}.
EA=(AE)=(AD+DE)=(ADED)=ADDE\vec{EA} = -(\vec{AE}) = -(\vec{AD} + \vec{DE}) = -(\vec{AD} - \vec{ED}) = -\vec{AD} - \vec{DE}
However AE=FAFE=qp\vec{AE} = -\vec{FA} - \vec{FE} = -q - p.
Alternatively, EA=AE=(AB+BC+CD+DE+EF)=(AD+DE)=(AF+FE)=(p+q)(p)=pqp=qp\vec{EA} = -\vec{AE} = -(\vec{AB}+\vec{BC}+\vec{CD}+\vec{DE}+\vec{EF}) = -(\vec{AD}+\vec{DE}) = -(\vec{AF} + \vec{FE}) = -(p+q)-(-p) = -p - q - p =-q-p.
EA=FAEF=qp\vec{EA} = -\vec{FA} - \vec{EF} = -q - p
Thus, EA=pq\vec{EA} = -p-q.
Now, let's find AC\vec{AC}.
AC=AB+BC=p+q\vec{AC} = \vec{AB} + \vec{BC} = p+q.

3. Final Answer

CD=p\vec{CD} = p
DE=q\vec{DE} = q
EF=p\vec{EF} = p
FA=q\vec{FA} = q
AD=2p+q\vec{AD} = 2p+q
EA=pq\vec{EA} = -p-q
AC=p+q\vec{AC} = p+q

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