We are given a circle with center $O$. A line $AM$ is tangent to the circle at point $A$. Another line $DM$ intersects the circle at point $D$. $OC$ is a radius of the circle, and we are given that $\angle OCA = 50^\circ$ and $\angle OBC = 20^\circ$. We are asked to find the measure of $\angle M$.

GeometryCircleTangentAnglesTrianglesGeometric Proof
2025/4/15

1. Problem Description

We are given a circle with center OO. A line AMAM is tangent to the circle at point AA. Another line DMDM intersects the circle at point DD. OCOC is a radius of the circle, and we are given that OCA=50\angle OCA = 50^\circ and OBC=20\angle OBC = 20^\circ. We are asked to find the measure of M\angle M.

2. Solution Steps

First, we can find ACB\angle ACB. Since OCOC and OBOB are radii of the circle, OC=OBOC = OB. Triangle OCBOCB is an isosceles triangle, so OCB=OBC=20\angle OCB = \angle OBC = 20^\circ. Therefore, ACB=ACO+OCB=50+20=70\angle ACB = \angle ACO + \angle OCB = 50^\circ + 20^\circ = 70^\circ.
Next, we recognize that BAC\angle BAC is the angle between a tangent AMAM and a chord ACAC. By the tangent-chord theorem, BAC=ACB=70\angle BAC = \angle ACB = 70^\circ.
Now, let's find ABC\angle ABC. We know that OBC=20\angle OBC = 20^\circ. Since OAOA and OBOB are radii, OAB=OBA\angle OAB = \angle OBA. Also OAC=OCA=50\angle OAC = \angle OCA = 50^\circ.
OAB=90\angle OAB = 90^\circ because AMAM is tangent to the circle at point AA. Since OA=OBOA = OB, we have OBA=OAB=90\angle OBA = \angle OAB = 90^\circ. Therefore ABC=OBAOBC=9020=70\angle ABC = \angle OBA - \angle OBC = 90^\circ - 20^\circ = 70^\circ.
In triangle ABCABC, we have BAC=70\angle BAC = 70^\circ and ABC=70\angle ABC = 70^\circ. Thus, ACB=180(BAC+ABC)=180(70+70)=180140=40\angle ACB = 180^\circ - (\angle BAC + \angle ABC) = 180^\circ - (70^\circ + 70^\circ) = 180^\circ - 140^\circ = 40^\circ. However, we found above that ACB=70\angle ACB = 70^{\circ}.
Let us revisit finding BAC\angle BAC. Since OAAMOA \perp AM, OAC+CAM=90\angle OAC + \angle CAM = 90^{\circ}. CAM=90OAC=9050=40\angle CAM = 90^\circ - \angle OAC = 90^\circ - 50^\circ = 40^\circ.
Now, ABC=20\angle ABC = 20^\circ. In triangle AMCAMC, ACM=ACB=70\angle ACM = \angle ACB = 70^{\circ}.
In triangle AMCAMC, MAC=40\angle MAC = 40^{\circ}, MCA=70\angle MCA = 70^{\circ}. AMC=180(40+70)=180110=70\angle AMC = 180^{\circ} - (40^{\circ} + 70^{\circ}) = 180^{\circ} - 110^{\circ} = 70^{\circ}.
In triangle ACMACM, we know that CAM=9050=40\angle CAM = 90 - 50 = 40^{\circ}. We also know that ACB=50+20=70\angle ACB = 50 + 20 = 70^{\circ}, so ACM=70\angle ACM = 70^{\circ}. Then AMC=1804070=70\angle AMC = 180 - 40 - 70 = 70^{\circ}.

3. Final Answer

7070^\circ

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