We need to find the area of the region limited by the graphs of the following functions: a) $f(x) = |x| - |x-1|$ in the interval $[-1, 2]$. b) $f(x) = x(x-1)(x-2)$ and the x-axis. c) $y = x^2 - 9$, $x^2 + (y-3)^2 = 9$, and $y = 3 - x$.

AnalysisDefinite IntegralsArea CalculationAbsolute ValuePiecewise FunctionsCalculus
2025/5/28

1. Problem Description

We need to find the area of the region limited by the graphs of the following functions:
a) f(x)=xx1f(x) = |x| - |x-1| in the interval [1,2][-1, 2].
b) f(x)=x(x1)(x2)f(x) = x(x-1)(x-2) and the x-axis.
c) y=x29y = x^2 - 9, x2+(y3)2=9x^2 + (y-3)^2 = 9, and y=3xy = 3 - x.

2. Solution Steps

a) f(x)=xx1f(x) = |x| - |x-1| in the interval [1,2][-1, 2].
We need to consider the different intervals where the absolute values change their signs.
- If x<0x < 0, then x=x|x| = -x and x1=(x1)=1x|x-1| = -(x-1) = 1-x. So f(x)=x(1x)=1f(x) = -x - (1-x) = -1.
- If 0x<10 \le x < 1, then x=x|x| = x and x1=(x1)=1x|x-1| = -(x-1) = 1-x. So f(x)=x(1x)=2x1f(x) = x - (1-x) = 2x-1.
- If x1x \ge 1, then x=x|x| = x and x1=x1|x-1| = x-1. So f(x)=x(x1)=1f(x) = x - (x-1) = 1.
Therefore,
f(x)={1,1x<02x1,0x<11,1x2f(x) = \begin{cases} -1, & -1 \le x < 0 \\ 2x-1, & 0 \le x < 1 \\ 1, & 1 \le x \le 2 \end{cases}
The area is given by:
A=12f(x)dx=101dx+012x1dx+121dxA = \int_{-1}^{2} |f(x)| dx = \int_{-1}^{0} |-1| dx + \int_{0}^{1} |2x-1| dx + \int_{1}^{2} |1| dx
A=101dx+01/2(12x)dx+1/21(2x1)dx+121dxA = \int_{-1}^{0} 1 dx + \int_{0}^{1/2} (1-2x) dx + \int_{1/2}^{1} (2x-1) dx + \int_{1}^{2} 1 dx
A=[x]10+[xx2]01/2+[x2x]1/21+[x]12A = [x]_{-1}^{0} + [x - x^2]_{0}^{1/2} + [x^2 - x]_{1/2}^{1} + [x]_{1}^{2}
A=(0(1))+(1/21/4)(00)+(11)(1/41/2)+(21)A = (0 - (-1)) + (1/2 - 1/4) - (0-0) + (1-1) - (1/4 - 1/2) + (2-1)
A=1+1/4+1/4+1=2+1/2=5/2A = 1 + 1/4 + 1/4 + 1 = 2 + 1/2 = 5/2
b) f(x)=x(x1)(x2)f(x) = x(x-1)(x-2) and the x-axis.
f(x)=x(x1)(x2)=x(x23x+2)=x33x2+2xf(x) = x(x-1)(x-2) = x(x^2 - 3x + 2) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x
We need to find the roots of f(x)=0f(x) = 0, which are x=0,1,2x = 0, 1, 2.
We need to find the area between the curve and the x-axis.
A=02f(x)dx=01f(x)dx12f(x)dxA = \int_{0}^{2} |f(x)| dx = \int_{0}^{1} f(x) dx - \int_{1}^{2} f(x) dx
A=01(x33x2+2x)dx12(x33x2+2x)dxA = \int_{0}^{1} (x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x) dx - \int_{1}^{2} (x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x) dx
A=[x44x3+x2]01[x44x3+x2]12A = [\frac{x^4}{4} - x^3 + x^2]_{0}^{1} - [\frac{x^4}{4} - x^3 + x^2]_{1}^{2}
A=(141+1)(0)[(1648+4)(141+1)]A = (\frac{1}{4} - 1 + 1) - (0) - [(\frac{16}{4} - 8 + 4) - (\frac{1}{4} - 1 + 1)]
A=14(48+414)=14(014)=14+14=12A = \frac{1}{4} - (4 - 8 + 4 - \frac{1}{4}) = \frac{1}{4} - (0 - \frac{1}{4}) = \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{2}
c) y=x29y = x^2 - 9, x2+(y3)2=9x^2 + (y-3)^2 = 9, and y=3xy = 3 - x.
x2+(y3)2=9x^2 + (y-3)^2 = 9 is a circle centered at (0,3)(0, 3) with radius 33.
y=x29y = x^2 - 9 is a parabola.
y=3xy = 3 - x is a straight line.
Intersection of the circle and the line:
x2+(3x3)2=9x^2 + (3-x - 3)^2 = 9
x2+x2=9x^2 + x^2 = 9
2x2=92x^2 = 9
x2=9/2x^2 = 9/2
x=±32x = \pm \frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}
So the points are (32,332)(\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}, 3-\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}) and (32,3+32)(-\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}, 3+\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}).
Intersection of the parabola and the line:
3x=x293 - x = x^2 - 9
x2+x12=0x^2 + x - 12 = 0
(x+4)(x3)=0(x+4)(x-3) = 0
x=4,3x = -4, 3
So the points are (4,7)(-4, 7) and (3,0)(3, 0).
Intersection of the parabola and the circle:
x2+(x293)2=9x^2 + (x^2 - 9 - 3)^2 = 9
x2+(x212)2=9x^2 + (x^2 - 12)^2 = 9
x2+x424x2+144=9x^2 + x^4 - 24x^2 + 144 = 9
x423x2+135=0x^4 - 23x^2 + 135 = 0
Let u=x2u = x^2.
u223u+135=0u^2 - 23u + 135 = 0
u=23±2324(135)2=23±5295402=23±112u = \frac{23 \pm \sqrt{23^2 - 4(135)}}{2} = \frac{23 \pm \sqrt{529 - 540}}{2} = \frac{23 \pm \sqrt{-11}}{2}
No real solutions. The parabola and circle do not intersect.
We need to find where the line intersects the circle. From previous calculations, these occur at x=±3/2x = \pm 3/\sqrt{2}.
We need to find where the line intersects the parabola. From previous calculations, these occur at x=4x = -4 and x=3x = 3.
The area calculation is not simple given that we are working with a circle, parabola, and a line.
It involves setting up proper integrals and determining the limits. However, it is difficult to determine the accurate region needed based on the equations alone. Without additional context, I will not provide a solution for part (c).

3. Final Answer

a) 5/25/2
b) 1/21/2
c) Cannot determine the final answer.

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