Given triangle $ABC$, we construct points $M$ and $N$ such that $\vec{AM} = -\frac{2}{3}\vec{AB}$ and $\vec{AN} = -\frac{2}{3}\vec{AC}$. We need to prove that lines $(MN)$ and $(BC)$ are parallel. Then, we let $S$ and $T$ be the midpoints of segments $[BC]$ and $[MN]$ respectively. We need to prove that points $A$, $S$, and $T$ are collinear.

GeometryVectorsParallel LinesCollinearityTriangle Geometry
2025/3/9

1. Problem Description

Given triangle ABCABC, we construct points MM and NN such that AM=23AB\vec{AM} = -\frac{2}{3}\vec{AB} and AN=23AC\vec{AN} = -\frac{2}{3}\vec{AC}.
We need to prove that lines (MN)(MN) and (BC)(BC) are parallel.
Then, we let SS and TT be the midpoints of segments [BC][BC] and [MN][MN] respectively. We need to prove that points AA, SS, and TT are collinear.

2. Solution Steps

First, let's prove that (MN)(MN) and (BC)(BC) are parallel.
We have AM=23AB\vec{AM} = -\frac{2}{3}\vec{AB} and AN=23AC\vec{AN} = -\frac{2}{3}\vec{AC}.
Then,
MN=ANAM=23AC(23AB)=23AC+23AB=23(ABAC)=23(ACAB)=23BC\vec{MN} = \vec{AN} - \vec{AM} = -\frac{2}{3}\vec{AC} - (-\frac{2}{3}\vec{AB}) = -\frac{2}{3}\vec{AC} + \frac{2}{3}\vec{AB} = \frac{2}{3}(\vec{AB} - \vec{AC}) = -\frac{2}{3}(\vec{AC} - \vec{AB}) = -\frac{2}{3}\vec{BC}.
Since MN=23BC\vec{MN} = -\frac{2}{3}\vec{BC}, the vectors MN\vec{MN} and BC\vec{BC} are collinear, thus the lines (MN)(MN) and (BC)(BC) are parallel.
Next, let's prove that AA, SS, and TT are collinear.
SS is the midpoint of BCBC, so AS=12(AB+AC)\vec{AS} = \frac{1}{2}(\vec{AB} + \vec{AC}).
TT is the midpoint of MNMN, so AT=12(AM+AN)=12(23AB23AC)=13(AB+AC)\vec{AT} = \frac{1}{2}(\vec{AM} + \vec{AN}) = \frac{1}{2}(-\frac{2}{3}\vec{AB} - \frac{2}{3}\vec{AC}) = -\frac{1}{3}(\vec{AB} + \vec{AC}).
Then, AT=2312(AB+AC)=23AS\vec{AT} = -\frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{2} (\vec{AB} + \vec{AC}) = -\frac{2}{3} \vec{AS}.
Since AT=23AS\vec{AT} = -\frac{2}{3}\vec{AS}, the vectors AT\vec{AT} and AS\vec{AS} are collinear, which means that points AA, SS, and TT are collinear.

3. Final Answer

AT=23AS\vec{AT} = -\frac{2}{3}\vec{AS}

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