The problem asks us to find the center and radius of the sphere given by the equation $4x^2 + 4y^2 + 4z^2 - 4x + 8y + 16z - 13 = 0$ by completing the square.

Geometry3D GeometrySphereCompleting the SquareEquation of a Sphere
2025/6/2

1. Problem Description

The problem asks us to find the center and radius of the sphere given by the equation 4x2+4y2+4z24x+8y+16z13=04x^2 + 4y^2 + 4z^2 - 4x + 8y + 16z - 13 = 0 by completing the square.

2. Solution Steps

First, divide the entire equation by 4:
x2+y2+z2x+2y+4z134=0x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - x + 2y + 4z - \frac{13}{4} = 0
Now, we group the xx, yy, and zz terms together:
(x2x)+(y2+2y)+(z2+4z)=134(x^2 - x) + (y^2 + 2y) + (z^2 + 4z) = \frac{13}{4}
Complete the square for each group:
For x2xx^2 - x, we need to add and subtract (12)2=14(\frac{-1}{2})^2 = \frac{1}{4}.
For y2+2yy^2 + 2y, we need to add and subtract (22)2=1(\frac{2}{2})^2 = 1.
For z2+4zz^2 + 4z, we need to add and subtract (42)2=4(\frac{4}{2})^2 = 4.
So, we have:
(x2x+1414)+(y2+2y+11)+(z2+4z+44)=134(x^2 - x + \frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{4}) + (y^2 + 2y + 1 - 1) + (z^2 + 4z + 4 - 4) = \frac{13}{4}
(x12)214+(y+1)21+(z+2)24=134(x - \frac{1}{2})^2 - \frac{1}{4} + (y + 1)^2 - 1 + (z + 2)^2 - 4 = \frac{13}{4}
Move the constants to the right side:
(x12)2+(y+1)2+(z+2)2=134+14+1+4(x - \frac{1}{2})^2 + (y + 1)^2 + (z + 2)^2 = \frac{13}{4} + \frac{1}{4} + 1 + 4
(x12)2+(y+1)2+(z+2)2=144+5=72+102=172(x - \frac{1}{2})^2 + (y + 1)^2 + (z + 2)^2 = \frac{14}{4} + 5 = \frac{7}{2} + \frac{10}{2} = \frac{17}{2}
The equation of a sphere is given by (xa)2+(yb)2+(zc)2=r2(x - a)^2 + (y - b)^2 + (z - c)^2 = r^2, where (a,b,c)(a, b, c) is the center and rr is the radius.
Comparing this to our equation, we have:
Center: (12,1,2)(\frac{1}{2}, -1, -2)
r2=172r^2 = \frac{17}{2}, so r=172=342r = \sqrt{\frac{17}{2}} = \frac{\sqrt{34}}{2}

3. Final Answer

Center: (12,1,2)(\frac{1}{2}, -1, -2)
Radius: 342\frac{\sqrt{34}}{2}

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