We need to evaluate the definite integral: $\int_{-1}^{\infty} \frac{dx}{4x^2+8x+8}$.

AnalysisDefinite IntegralIntegrationCompleting the SquareSubstitutionTrigonometric Functions
2025/5/19

1. Problem Description

We need to evaluate the definite integral:
1dx4x2+8x+8\int_{-1}^{\infty} \frac{dx}{4x^2+8x+8}.

2. Solution Steps

First, we can factor out the constant 4 from the denominator:
1dx4(x2+2x+2)\int_{-1}^{\infty} \frac{dx}{4(x^2+2x+2)}
=141dxx2+2x+2= \frac{1}{4} \int_{-1}^{\infty} \frac{dx}{x^2+2x+2}.
Next, we complete the square in the denominator:
x2+2x+2=x2+2x+1+1=(x+1)2+1x^2+2x+2 = x^2+2x+1+1 = (x+1)^2 + 1.
So the integral becomes:
141dx(x+1)2+1\frac{1}{4} \int_{-1}^{\infty} \frac{dx}{(x+1)^2+1}.
Let u=x+1u = x+1, then du=dxdu = dx. When x=1x = -1, u=1+1=0u = -1+1 = 0. When xx \to \infty, uu \to \infty.
So the integral becomes:
140duu2+1\frac{1}{4} \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{du}{u^2+1}.
We know that duu2+1=arctan(u)+C\int \frac{du}{u^2+1} = \arctan(u) + C, so:
140duu2+1=14[arctan(u)]0\frac{1}{4} \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{du}{u^2+1} = \frac{1}{4} [\arctan(u)]_{0}^{\infty}.
As uu approaches infinity, arctan(u)\arctan(u) approaches π2\frac{\pi}{2}. Also, arctan(0)=0\arctan(0) = 0.
Therefore,
14[arctan(u)]0=14(π20)=π8\frac{1}{4} [\arctan(u)]_{0}^{\infty} = \frac{1}{4} \left( \frac{\pi}{2} - 0 \right) = \frac{\pi}{8}.

3. Final Answer

The final answer is π8\frac{\pi}{8}.

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