We can use partial fraction decomposition to rewrite the fraction. We want to find constants A and B such that k(k+2)2=kA+k+2B. Multiplying by k(k+2) gives 2=A(k+2)+Bk. Let k=0. Then 2=A(0+2)+B(0), so 2=2A and A=1. Let k=−2. Then 2=A(−2+2)+B(−2), so 2=−2B and B=−1. Therefore,
k(k+2)2=k1−k+21. Now we can rewrite the sum as
∑k=1∞k(k+2)2=∑k=1∞(k1−k+21). This is a telescoping sum. Let's write out the first few terms:
(11−31)+(21−41)+(31−51)+(41−61)+(51−71)+… We can see that the terms −31,−41,−51,… will cancel with the terms 31,41,51,… We can write the partial sum Sn as Sn=∑k=1n(k1−k+21)=(1−31)+(21−41)+(31−51)+⋯+(n−11−n+11)+(n1−n+21). The terms that remain are 1,21,−n+11,−n+21. So Sn=1+21−n+11−n+21. As n→∞, n+11→0 and n+21→0. Therefore, ∑k=1∞(k1−k+21)=1+21=23.